This paper aims to describe the socio-economic and political process that culminated with the creation of the Superintendence for the Development of Northeast (Sudene), the federal entity whose goal was regional development. The time span are the years 1958-1959, the period prior to the creation of the organization and the actors chosen to the analysis are the adversities which have plagued the Brazilian Northeastern region, the Salgueiro Summit and the economist Celso Furtado.
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